a collective pseudo-Guardianship
They [the Hands after the death of Shoghi Effendi and after searching in vain for a will] then appointed an illegitimate body under the title of "Custodians of the Bahá'í World Faith," comprised of nine Hands, clearly outside of the provisions of the Will and Testament of 'Abdu'l-Bahá, and relegated the International Bahá'í Council (the embryonic Universal House of Justice) that Shoghi Effendi had appointed in his Proclamation of 9 January 1951, prior to the appointment of their own institution, as the "first embryonic International Institution" to an insignificant role subordinate to this body. This body then illicitly and presumptuously took on the role of a collective pseudo-Guardianship of the Faith that blatantly assumed supreme administrative jurisdiction over national and local Bahá'í assemblies and the believers throughout the world for a period of some five years until the ill-gotten authority that they had seized was, in turn, passed on at Ridván 1963 to an elected. equally illegitimate, headless, and deformed body identified by them, notwithstanding this gross deformity, as the Universal House of Justice, in which the Guardian of the Faith did not preside, as its "sacred head," as clearly required under the explicit terms of the Will and Testament of 'Abdu'l-Bahá.
Joel B. Marangella
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